All the things that exist physically around us embedded with sensors, software and other technological equipment connected to the internet to collect the data from the surroundings and sent to the IoT cloud for processing and the processed data are transmitted or directed to the other preferred IOT connected devices or people that need the data.
What is IoT?
The main aim of Internet of Things (IoT) technology is to make the life of human beings easier, faster and smarter by automatically solve the various problems or inform the humans to the particular situation before without the intervention of human beings. In the IoT system, data is transmitted to IoT device to device, IoT device to human beings or human beings to IoT device.
In the present era, there are about more than 9 billion devices that are connected to the internet, sharing the information with each other, and the resources said the number of IoT devices would increase about 25 billion devices in next ten years. It provides automation in every field of life. IoT technology makes everything around us smarter because every object gets the property of achieving something from the surroundings and transmit the acquired data to the needed area, more elegant things like smart homes, smart cities, smartwatches, smart cars, smart roads etc.
Let us take a situation where you have an IOT based appliance; the appliance will be sent the data like temperature, pressure etc. to the server and gets the instruction to maintain the temperature and pressure of the room to make the place comfortable for the roommates.
Biometric system is an example of IoT based device through which attendance is collected from employees of a particular department and is sent to the administration of that department, and without the IoT, there will be a high level of inefficiency in the system, and the department needs clerks to record daily attendance of the employees, and there will be a corruption regarding the attendance of the employees.
There will be a vast scope of the IoT technology in the upcoming years, so I suggest you select the computer science branch for your bright carrier.
Applications of IoT
Not just our smartphone has left smart now, we have, smart TVs, smartwatches and many more things. Technology is becoming smarter than humans now. There are a lot of things which are now operated based on recently developed technology called the Internet of Things. Here are some applications where it is used:
Internet of Things in Smart Homes
When we talk about smart homes, there will be everything smart, i.e. all the appliances present in the house is IOT based things. When a person comes to home, the main door of the smart home will check the identity of a person. Suppose a person is known for a stylish door that is already having a record of a person. In that case, the door will allow the person else the smart door will send a message to the homeowner in which the door gets permission from the owner and if the owner permits, the door allows an unknown person and if owner rejects permission the door would not allow a new person.
A person enters into the room, the light of the room gets automatically on, and when a person leaves a room, the light gets off. The air conditioner maintains the temperature of the room; the refrigerator maintains the temperature concerning the food item present in it. If a person is away from home, and he forgets turning off water tape or other function, he will be done it without his presence in the home through smartphones, and a person is informed regarding every action happened in the smart home.
Smart Traffic Management
In our day-to-day life, the population increases rapidly due to which traffic has been increased, and the traffic congestion occurs on the roads usually, the need of IoT technology is felt that not only controls the traffic congestion but also makes the traffic system efficiency and reduce the economic expenses of the traffic system.
The sensors, camera’s and other traffic components or symbols installed on the roads collect a data at the spot and sent it to the traffic monitoring system of the city and gets instruction from the monitoring system upon which they work.
Let’s suppose you start your journey from home at 9 am, and you have to reach office at 10 am sharp, while driving a car an accident occurred on the road on which you are going, the road gets blocked due to traffic jam. The IoT based devices installed on the streets sent data to the city traffic monitoring system. The city traffic monitoring system sent a processed data back to the devices installed on the roads in which you are informed about the situation prior reaching to the accident site, and you are directed to another link road to reach to the destination in proper time, with ease and get red from this calamity.
The schools and other workplaces are also informed about the situation and tell them to reschedule the system. In the absence of IoT technology, you will suffer a lot of problems like traffic congestion, wastage of time, and can’t reach the destination at a particular time.
IoT and Water Supply Management System
At the present times, pure water is scarce, so the technology, i.e. IoT, is needed through which we can use and manage the water resource efficiently. The smart water supply management system collects meaningful data about consumers and suppliers. It gathers the data like the flow of water, pressure and distribution of water among the people of the city.
For example, the people of the city consume how much amount of water and how much water is supplied from water supply and if there is a huge amount of water supplied then regular bases, the smart water supply management system determines the leakage is present somewhere in the pipelines. It ensures efficient and durable water transportation system with a low rate of expenses.
IoT based Cities
In this growing world, it is estimated that about 50 per cent of the world’s population is residing in the cities, and this number is steadily rising. In the next one or two decades, this will increase by 10 per cent more and due to this growing population in cities results in enormous challenges that are more people, more traffic, more pollution, more wastage and more resources consumption and to overcome these challenges the concept of smart cities came into existence.
In the smart city, there is a smart traffic system, smart transportation system, smart education system and smart governance system etc. The city pollution can be controlled, and we can make the adequate availability of all the resources which are essential for the sustenance of life through the invention of a smart city. When there is repairing of the road in the smart city, the city traffic system controls the traffic congestion by inform the workplaces and schools of the city in advance and direct the traffic which enters into the city to the alternative routes of the city and protect the people from any difficulty and make the life of people easy and comfortable.
IoT in Health Care
In the health industry before the invention of IoT devices patients interaction with the doctor was limited to visits only, there was no such a technology through which doctors monitor patients health continuously and accordingly make suggestions, but in the present era, due to the use of IoT devices, the interaction of doctor with the patient becomes satisfaction able and also the remote monitoring of patient’s health can help in reducing the time of staying in the hospital and stops from re-admission in hospital.
The IoT devices in health industry like smart continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) can help Diabetic patients by continuously monitor blood glucose levels for few days at a time, by measuring the glucose level at regular intervals. The smart device insulin pens like Esysta could automatically record the time, amount and type of insulin injected in a dose, and accordingly suggest a correct type of insulin at the proper time.
There will be IOT based beds in the hospitals which could measure the various parameters of the patient like a heart beating, blood pressure, temperature, and glucose level automatically to enhance in the better treatment of the patient. The patient will have attached the smart devices which inform the doctor about the patient’s health conditions, and if the patient’s health is very critical, the smart devices will alert the doctor about it.
IoT Based Education System
IoT plays a significant role in the education sector. Before the invention of IoT technology, the interaction between the student and the teacher was limited to schools only. Still, after the IoT technology, the interaction between the student and the teacher becomes more attractive, the student can discuss his views or thoughts with the teacher at any time and can attend classes at home at any time.
Presently the use of Biometric system in the education sector has reduced the headache of keeping a record of employee’s attendance and also reduced the expense of managing a record of attendance.
Nowadays, the books are not only limited to text and images but also the book contains the reference of web links through which detailed knowledge can be achieved and even for deep learning, the web includes the videos related to the book topics.
The students can attend online classes in which students can clear doubts by asking questions regarding the topic at the same time. The student can complete lots of courses at home by the use of IoT device that is a smartphone, and the student can even give exams at home through smartphones.
IoT in Agriculture
The population of the growing world is increasing rapidly, and to feed the whole community, agriculture should be based on IoT technology. We can use the different types of sensors that give information regarding the moisture of the soil, humidity and temperature.
We can water the agriculture fields by determining the moisture of the soil through use sensors, and we can predict the climatic conditions through the use of IoT devices. By using this technology, we can reduce our expenses on agriculture and obtain more and more from it.
There are lots of applications of IoT technology in this modern world, and we are advancing towards more and more. ALSO READ about EDGE COMPUTING.
